将Ubuntu18.04的原始镜像源更换为阿里镜像源或清华镜像源:
1、编辑配置文件,将原始内容删除或者注释掉:
编辑之前可以对原始文件进行备份,使用如下命令:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
编辑文件,命令如下:
vim /etc/apt/sources.list
2、将下面内容粘贴进去(以下是阿里的镜像源)
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
如果要更换为清华的镜像源,则进入网址,选择Ubuntu对应版本的镜像内容:
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
阿里镜像源网址如下:
https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11WMFViZ
注意:一定要选择与你的Ubuntu版本对应的镜像,我这里是18.04版本
3、更新源
apt-get update
常见相关命令
sudo apt-get update 更新源
sudo apt-get install package 安装包
sudo apt-get remove package 删除包
sudo apt-cache search package 搜索软件包
sudo apt-cache show package 获取包的相关信息,如说明、大小、版本等
sudo apt-get install package --reinstall 重新安装包
sudo apt-get -f install 修复安装
sudo apt-get remove package --purge 删除包,包括配置文件等
sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境
sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的包
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统
sudo apt-cache depends package 了解使用该包依赖那些包
sudo apt-cache rdepends package 查看该包被哪些包依赖
sudo apt-get source package 下载该包的源代码
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean 清理无用的包
sudo apt-get check 检查是否有损坏的依赖